Translation is difficult work. It is conceptually demanding, linguistically technical and culturally sensitive. That said, at the examination level, you can pull it off with the help of a few hacks.
First of all, highlight the Urdu phrases that you know can be rendered in English as full phrases. Render them in English. Often idioms and proverbs find a good match in the target language.
There may be chunks in the original text that for cultural or linguistic reasons may have to be suppressed in the English translation. Conversely, there could be ideas or segments of thought that are implicit that will have to be made explicit in the target language.
Next, do a sentence-by-sentence analysis of tense. e.g. in the passage below, the first two sentences are in the present simple, while the third statement being a complex sentence includes one clause in in the present perfect and one in the present simple.
سکون کا حصول شادی کے اہم ترین فوائد میں سے ایک ہے۔شوہر اور بیوی کا ساتھ رہنا کسی بھی فرد کے لیے مسرت، سکون،آرام اور اندرونی توازن پانے کا بہترین ذریعہ ہے ۔ بلکہ بہت ساری تحقیقات نے ثابت بھی کیا ہے کہ شادی شدہ افراد غیر شادی شدہ افراد کے مقابلے میں جرائم میں کم مبتلا ہوتے ہیں کیونکہ شادی خود پر کنٹرول حاصل کرنے میں ان کے لیے معاون ثابت ہوتی ہے۔ اللہ کے رسولﷺ نے جناب خدیجہ ؓ سے شادی کر کے سکون اور تحفظ کا احساس حاصل کیا کیونکہ وہ مشکل ترین وقت میں ان کے لیے بہترین رفیق ثابت ہوئیں۔ جناب ِ خدیجہ ؓ نے اس وقت ان کو سکون اور تسلی فراہم کی جب وحی کا نزول آپﷺ کو قدرے مضطرب کر رہا تھا۔
This move alone will give you a firm handle to accomplish the translation task as it will close many loose ends in your mind.
One last thing: connectors or transition phrases rarely carry over from one language to another, even when they are semantically equivalent (e.g. the functional scope of 'therefore' and چنانچہ is not identical, despite their literal correspondence of meaning). And so, one has to be careful in their use. It is possible that in two adjacent English sentences, a causal sequence may have been set up in such a way that consequence is conveyed in the latter sentence without an explicit 'therefore'. However, the Urdu translation may require a proper چنانچہ !
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